High-speed terrestrial network: 1 Gbit/s, 1 ms RTTī×D = 10 9 b/s × 10 −3 s = 10 6 b, or 1 Mb, or 125 kB.Residential ADSL2+: 20 Mbit/s (from DSLAM to residential modem), 50 ms RTTī×D = 20×10 6 b/s × 50×10 −3 s = 10 6 b, or 1 Mb, or 125 kB. The TCP window scale option may be used to solve this problem caused by insufficient window size, which is limited to 65535 bytes without scaling. Protocols that hope to succeed in this respect need carefully designed self-monitoring, self-tuning algorithms. If the quantity of data sent is insufficient compared with the bandwidth-delay product, then the link is not being kept busy and the protocol is operating below peak efficiency for the link. The high end-to-end delivery time makes life difficult for stop-and-wait protocols and applications that assume rapid end-to-end response.Ī high bandwidth-delay product is an important problem case in the design of protocols such as TCP in respect of performance tuning, because the protocol can only achieve optimum throughput if a sender sends a sufficiently large quantity of data before being required to stop and wait until a confirming message is received from the receiver, acknowledging successful receipt of that data. The gain bandwidth product is an important parameter for any analog amplifier and it gives us an insight of the high frequency characteristics of that amplifier. Ultra-high speed LANs may fall into this category, where protocol tuning is critical for achieving peak throughput, on account of their extremely high bandwidth, even though their delay is not great.Īn important example of a system where the bandwidth-delay product is large is that of GEO satellite connections, where end-to-end delivery time is very high and link throughput may also be high. High performance networks have very large BDPs. it is equal to the maximum number of simultaneous bits in transit between the transmitter and the receiver. As defined in RFC 1072, a network is considered an LFN if its bandwidth-delay product is significantly larger than 10 5 bits (12500 bytes). Bandwidth-delay product (BDP) Bandwidth-delay product (BDP) is a term primarily used in conjunction with TCP to refer to the number of bytes necessary to fill a TCP 'path', i.e. The result, an amount of data measured in bits (or bytes), is equivalent to the maximum amount of data on the network circuit at any given time, i.e., data that has been transmitted but not yet acknowledged.Ī network with a large bandwidth-delay product is commonly known as a long fat network (shortened to LFN and often pronounced "elephan"). In data communications, bandwidth-delay product refers to the product of a data link's capacity (in bits per second) and its round-trip delay time (in seconds).
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