Proved as effective as lorazepam in patients with G A D 1990).įurthermore, in double-blind, placebo-controlled studies, the 5-HT2A/2C receptor antagonist ritanserin No effect on panic disorder (PD) (Sheehan et al. Generalised anxiety disorder (GAD), whereas having Theĥ - H T I A agonist buspirone alleviates the symptoms of 1987)have been shown to improve panic, obsessive-compulsive, and generalised anxiety disorders when administered chronically (Kahn et al. However, antidepressant drugs-likely to increase theĮfficacy of 5-HT neurotransmission (Blier et al. Pathways mediating punishment (Wise et al. For instance, the anxiolytic effect of benzodiazepines has been attributed to a decrease of 5-HT in Or avoid aversive brain stimulation point to an anxiolytic role for 5-HT (Graeff 1990, 1993 Graeff et al.Ĭlinical evidence is also contradictory (Kahn et al.ġ988). InĬontrast, animal models in which rats actively escape View that 5-HT is anxiogenic (Wise et al. Have an anxiolytic effect (Graeff 1993 Handley and Tests, drugs or brain lesions that reduce 5-HT output Response inhibition, such as punishment or conflict Key words d-Fenfluramine 9 Simulated pub licĪversive conditioning 9 5-Hydroxytryptamine 9Īlthough the participation of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT) in anxiety is generally acknowledged, there is noĪgreement as to whether 5-HT facilitates or, conversely,ĭecreases anxiety. Neurociancias e Comportamento, Universidade de Silo Paulo, Laboratorio de Psicofarrnacologia, F F C L R P e Nticleo de Paulo, 14049-900 Ribeirfio Preto, SP, Brazil Universidade de Silo Paulo, 14049-900 Ribeirfio Preto, SP, Brazilĭepartamento de Farmacologia, FMRP, Universidade de Sio Zuardiĭepartamento de Neurologia, Psiquiatria e Psicologia Mddica, The presumed reduction in unconditioned fear caused by FEN may have implications for Results reported in rats, support the view that 5-HTĮxerts a dual action on brain mechanisms regulatingĪnxiety, facilitating conditioned while inhibiting unconditioned fear. The differential effects of FEN in these humanĮxperimental models of anxiety, together with similar #15mgh tonegenerator skin#In the conditioned fear test, however, the amplitudeĪnd level of skin conductance responses to the conditioned aversive stimulus were not significantly changedīy FEN. Of 15 and 30 mg FEN, PO, decreased anxiety inducedīy SPS in a dose-dependent way, as indicated by theĪnxiety factor of Norris Visual Analogue Mood Scale. With an aversive white noise were measured. The second wasĪ conditioned fear test, in which the changes in skinĮlectrical conductance caused by a tone associated once Of talking in front of a video camera, anxiety beingĮvaluated mainly by self-rating scales. Was a simulated public speaking (SPS) test consisting Under two models of experimental anxiety. To investigate the role of 5-HT in human anxiety, the 5-HT releaser and uptake blocker d-fenfluramine (FEN) was administered to healthy volunteers Received: 4 December 1995/Final version: 29 April 1996 G u i m a r f i e sĮffect of d-fenfluramine on human experimental anxiety
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